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Comprehensive problem gambling prevention includes:
(a) primary prevention, i.e., services that seek to reduce the incidence of problem gambling,
(b) secondary prevention, i.e., activities aimed at early detection, thereby increasing opportunities to prevent low-level problem gambling from progressing into pathological gambling, and
(c) tertiary prevention, i.e., activities designed to identify and alleviate pathological gambling intensity or duration, in order to reduce gambling related harm.
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Due to the technical nature of conducting research and program evaluation, this service component is complex yet priorities need to be set about what type of research to fund and along what timeline. Surveillance research may involve repeated prevalence studies of gambling behaviors or longitudinal studies to assess the incidence of problem gambling. Program evaluation may focus on service level processes and/or outcomes, system level processes and/or outcome or some combination.
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Crisis intervention refers to the activities employed to aid persons experiencing high levels of emotional distress related to a gambling problem. Crisis intervention objectives include de-escalating situations, preventing harm to self or others, referral and placement into appropriate level of care. Programs or systems designed to respond to emotional crisis may include help lines, mental health centers, casino based interventions, employee assistance programs, and others.
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Treatment Services are professionally delivered interventions aimed at improving health, functioning, and quality of life for problem gamblers and their concerned others. Types of treatment services may include individual counseling, couples/family counseling, group counseling, financial management counseling, and/or medication management.
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Workforce development has emerged as a term to describe a relatively wide range of activities, policies, and programs. These may include
(a) development of workshops and information for professional groups that come in contact with problem gamblers;
(b) development and implementation of a training program for persons in the health and social services sector to proficiently provide prevention or treatment services to address problem gambling;
(c) development of programs to encourage growth in the number of professionals specializing in the field of problem gambling research, treatment, or prevention.
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This section refers to the activities, policies, and programs designed to raise the consciousness of individuals, groups, or organization to any or all of the following:
(a) the risks associated with gambling,
(b) the availability of treatment,
(c) signs and symptoms of a gambling problem,
(d) responsible gambling guidelines,
(e) gambling policies or laws,
(f) consumer education, e.g., game odds, randomness, and
(g) gambling helpline or other help and information resources.
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